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TOGAF9.2 
Frontmatter ............................................................................................................................... 10 
Preface ............................................................................................................................................. 10 
About The Open Group ........................................................................................................... 11 
Trademarks.................................................................................................................................... 12 
Participants ................................................................................................................................... 13 
Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................. 14 
Referenced Documents .......................................................................................................... 14 
Part I: Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 18 
Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 18 
1 Structure of this Document ........................................................................................... 19 
2 Structure of the TOGAF Library ................................................................................. 20 
3 Executive Overview ........................................................................................................... 21 
4 Information on Using the TOGAF Standard ......................................................... 24 
5 Why Join The Open Group? ......................................................................................... 25 
Core Concepts .................................................................................................................... 26 
1 What is the TOGAF Standard? .................................................................................... 27 
2 What is Architecture in the Context of the TOGAF Standard? .................. 27 
3 What Kind of Architecture Does the TOGAF Standard Deal With? ......... 27 
4 Architecture Development Method ........................................................................... 28 
5 Deliverables, Artifacts, and Building Blocks ....................................................... 29 
6 Enterprise Continuum ...................................................................................................... 31 
7 Architecture Repository ................................................................................................. 32 
8 Establishing and Maintaining an Enterprise Architecture Capability .... 34 
9 Establishing the Architecture Capability as an Operational Entity ......... 34 
10 Using the TOGAF Standard with Other Frameworks ................................... 36 
Definitions ............................................................................................................................ 37 
1 Abstraction ............................................................................................................................ 37 
2 Actor .......................................................................................................................................... 38 
3 Application Architecture ................................................................................................ 38 
4 Application Component .................................................................................................. 38 
5 Application Platform ......................................................................................................... 38 
6 Architectural Style ............................................................................................................. 38 
7 Architecture ........................................................................................................................... 39 
8 Architecture Building Block (ABB) ........................................................................... 39 
9 Architecture Continuum ................................................................................................. 39 
10 Architecture Development Method (ADM) .......................................................... 39 
11 Architecture Domain ...................................................................................................... 39 
12 Architecture Framework .............................................................................................. 39 
13 Architecture Governance ............................................................................................ 39 
14 Architecture Landscape ............................................................................................... 40 

15 Architecture Model .......................................................................................................... 40 
16 Architecture Principle.................................................................................................... 40 
17 Architecture View ............................................................................................................ 40 
18 Architecture Viewpoint ................................................................................................. 40 
19 Architecture Vision ......................................................................................................... 41 
20 Artifact ................................................................................................................................... 41 
21 Baseline ................................................................................................................................ 41 
22 Boundaryless Information Flow
™
 ........................................................................... 41 
23 Building Block ................................................................................................................... 41 
24 Business Architecture................................................................................................... 42 
25 Business Capability ........................................................................................................ 42 
26 Business Function .......................................................................................................... 42 
27 Business Governance ................................................................................................... 42 
28 Business Model ................................................................................................................ 42 
29 Business Service ............................................................................................................. 42 
30 Capability ............................................................................................................................. 43 
31 Capability Architecture ................................................................................................. 43 
32 Capability Increment ...................................................................................................... 43 
33 Communications and Stakeholder Management............................................ 43 
34 Concern ................................................................................................................................. 43 
35 Course of Action .............................................................................................................. 43 
36 Data Architecture ............................................................................................................. 43 
37 Deliverable ........................................................................................................................... 44 
38 Enterprise ............................................................................................................................. 44 
39 Enterprise Continuum ................................................................................................... 44 
40 Foundation Architecture .............................................................................................. 44 
41 Framework ........................................................................................................................... 44 
42 Gap .......................................................................................................................................... 44 
43 Governance ......................................................................................................................... 45 
44 Information .......................................................................................................................... 45 
45 Information System Service ....................................................................................... 45 
46 Information Technology (IT)....................................................................................... 45 
47 Interoperability .................................................................................................................. 46 
48 Logical ................................................................................................................................... 46 
49 Metadata ............................................................................................................................... 46 
50 Metamodel ........................................................................................................................... 46 
51 Method ................................................................................................................................... 46 
52 Modeling ............................................................................................................................... 46 
53 Model Kind ........................................................................................................................... 46 
54 Objective ............................................................................................................................... 46 
55 Organization Map ............................................................................................................. 47 
56 Pattern.................................................................................................................................... 47 
57 Physical ................................................................................................................................. 47 
58 Principle ................................................................................................................................ 47 

59 Reference Model (RM) ................................................................................................... 47 
60 Repository ........................................................................................................................... 47 
61 Requirement ....................................................................................................................... 48 
62 Roadmap .............................................................................................................................. 48 
63 Role ......................................................................................................................................... 48 
64 Segment Architecture.................................................................................................... 48 
65 Service ................................................................................................................................... 48 
66 Service Orientation ......................................................................................................... 49 
67 Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) .................................................................... 49 
68 Service Portfolio ............................................................................................................... 49 
69 Solution Architecture..................................................................................................... 49 
70 Solution Building Block (SBB) ................................................................................. 49 
71 Solutions Continuum ..................................................................................................... 49 
72 Stakeholder ......................................................................................................................... 50 
73 Standards Information Base (SIB) .......................................................................... 50 
74 Strategic Architecture ................................................................................................... 50 
75 Target Architecture ......................................................................................................... 50 
76 Taxonomy of Architecture Views ............................................................................ 50 
77 Technology Architecture ............................................................................................. 50 
78 Technology Component ............................................................................................... 50 
79 Technology Service ........................................................................................................ 51 
80 Transition Architecture ................................................................................................. 51 
81 Value Stream ...................................................................................................................... 51 
82 View ......................................................................................................................................... 51 
83 Viewpoint .............................................................................................................................. 51 
84 Viewpoint Library ............................................................................................................. 51 
85 Work Package .................................................................................................................... 51 
Part II: Architecture Development Method (ADM) .................................................................. 52 
Introduction to Part II ........................................................................................................ 52 
1 ADM Overview ...................................................................................................................... 52 
2 Architecture Development Cycle ............................................................................... 54 
3 Adapting the ADM .............................................................................................................. 58 
4 Architecture Governance ............................................................................................... 59 
5 Scoping the Architecture ............................................................................................... 60 
6 Architecture Integration .................................................................................................. 64 
7 Summary ................................................................................................................................. 65 
Preliminary Phase .............................................................................................................. 66 
1 Objectives ............................................................................................................................... 67 
2 Inputs ........................................................................................................................................ 68 
3 Steps ......................................................................................................................................... 69 
4 Outputs .................................................................................................................................... 72 
5 Approach ................................................................................................................................ 73 
Phase A: Architecture Vision ......................................................................................... 79 
1 Objectives ............................................................................................................................... 80 

2 Inputs ........................................................................................................................................ 81 
3 Steps ......................................................................................................................................... 81 
4 Outputs .................................................................................................................................... 88 
5 Approach ................................................................................................................................ 89 
Phase B: Business Architecture ................................................................................... 92 
1 Objectives ............................................................................................................................... 93 
2 Inputs ........................................................................................................................................ 94 
3 Steps ......................................................................................................................................... 95 
4 Outputs .................................................................................................................................. 102 
5 Approach .............................................................................................................................. 104 
Phase C: Information Systems Architectures ........................................................ 111 
1 Objectives ............................................................................................................................. 112 
2 Approach .............................................................................................................................. 113 
Phase C: Information Systems Architectures - Data Architecture ................. 113 
1 Objectives ............................................................................................................................. 114 
2 Inputs ...................................................................................................................................... 114 
3 Steps ....................................................................................................................................... 115 
4 Outputs .................................................................................................................................. 122 
5 Approach .............................................................................................................................. 123 
Phase C: Information Systems Architectures - Application Architecture . 125 
1 Objectives .......................................................................................................................... 125 
2 Inputs .................................................................................................................................... 125 
3 Steps ..................................................................................................................................... 126 
4 Outputs ................................................................................................................................ 133 
5 Approach ............................................................................................................................ 134 
Phase D: Technology Architecture ......................................................................... 135 
1 Objectives .......................................................................................................................... 136 
2 Inputs .................................................................................................................................... 137 
3 Steps ..................................................................................................................................... 138 
4 Outputs ................................................................................................................................ 145 
5 Approach ............................................................................................................................ 147 
Phase E: Opportunities & Solutions ....................................................................... 148 
1 Objectives .......................................................................................................................... 149 
2 Inputs .................................................................................................................................... 150 
3 Steps ..................................................................................................................................... 151 
4 Outputs ................................................................................................................................ 156 
5 Approach ............................................................................................................................ 157 
Phase F: Migration Planning...................................................................................... 158 
1 Objectives .......................................................................................................................... 159 
2 Inputs .................................................................................................................................... 160 
3 Steps ..................................................................................................................................... 161 
4 Outputs ................................................................................................................................ 166 
5 Approach ............................................................................................................................ 166 
Phase G: Implementation Governance .................................................................. 167 

1 Objectives .......................................................................................................................... 168 
2 Inputs .................................................................................................................................... 169 
3 Steps ..................................................................................................................................... 170 
4 Outputs ................................................................................................................................ 172 
5 Approach ............................................................................................................................ 173 
Phase H: Architecture Change Management ....................................................... 174 
1 Objectives .......................................................................................................................... 175 
2 Inputs .................................................................................................................................... 176 
3 Steps ..................................................................................................................................... 177 
4 Outputs ................................................................................................................................ 178 
5 Approach ............................................................................................................................ 179 
ADM Architecture Requirements Management ................................................... 184 
1 Objectives .......................................................................................................................... 185 
2 Inputs .................................................................................................................................... 186 
3 Steps ..................................................................................................................................... 186 
4 Outputs ................................................................................................................................ 189 
5 Approach ............................................................................................................................ 189 
Part III: ADM Guidelines and Techniques ................................................................................. 191 
Introduction to Part III .................................................................................................. 191 
1 Guidelines for Adapting the ADM Process ...................................................... 192 
2 Techniques for Architecture Development ...................................................... 192 
3 Using the TOGAF Framework with Different Architectural Styles ...... 193 
Applying Iteration to the ADM ................................................................................... 195 
1 Overview ............................................................................................................................. 195 
2 Iteration Cycles ............................................................................................................... 196 
3 Classes of Architecture Engagement ................................................................. 198 
4 Approaches to Architecture Development ....................................................... 202 
5 Iteration Considerations ............................................................................................ 202 
6 Conclusions ...................................................................................................................... 208 
Applying the ADM Across the Architecture Landscape .................................. 209 
1 Overview ............................................................................................................................. 209 
2 Architecture Landscape ............................................................................................. 209 
3 Organizing the Architecture Landscape to Understand the State of the 
Enterprise ..................................................................................................................................... 211 
4 Developing Architectures at Different Levels ................................................ 212 
Architecture Principles ................................................................................................ 213 
1 Introduction....................................................................................................................... 213 
2 Characteristics of Architecture Principles ....................................................... 214 
3 Components of Architecture Principles ............................................................ 214 
4 Developing Architecture Principles ..................................................................... 215 
5 Applying Architecture Principles .......................................................................... 216 
6 Example Set of Architecture Principles ............................................................. 217 
Stakeholder Management ........................................................................................... 231 
1 Introduction....................................................................................................................... 231 